Illinois and Indiana at a glance
Moving between Illinois and Indiana changes more than the scenery. On a $60,000 salary, Illinois leaves $22,627 a year after taxes, rent, food, energy and gasoline; Indiana leaves $28,806.
Indiana comes out ahead by $6,179 a year ($515 a month). The calculation starts from the same gross pay in both states, subtracts federal tax, Social Security and Medicare, then each state's own income tax, and then the population-weighted cost of a one-bedroom rental, groceries, home energy and gasoline across 12,694,798 people in 102 counties in Illinois and 6,851,073 people in 92 counties in Indiana.
Taxes: what each paycheck loses
Federal income tax ($5,072) and FICA ($4,590) on $60,000 are the same on both sides of the border. State income tax takes $2,829 in Illinois and $1,770 in Indiana, which leaves take-home pay of $47,510 and $48,569.
At $100,000
At $100,000 take-home pay is $74,092 in Illinois and $75,931 in Indiana, a difference of $1,839. The gap widens with income because graduated state brackets take a growing share.
Living costs
One-bedroom rent averages $1,489 a month in Illinois and $1,082 in Indiana, so Indiana is $407 a month cheaper for housing. Food costs $3,436 a year in both, because the USDA Thrifty Food Plan is a national figure; home energy $2,110 and $1,927, and gasoline $1,471 and $1,421. Together the basics cost $24,883 a year in Illinois and $19,762 in Indiana.
What the Census adds
Median household income is $83,390 in Illinois and $71,957 in Indiana. Homeowners pay a median of $5,298 a year in property tax in Illinois and $1,614 in Indiana. Commuters travel 27.8 minutes each way on average in Illinois and 24.1 in Indiana.
Method
Taxes use the 2025 rules for a single filer with wage income only and the standard deduction. Housing and living costs are county figures from HUD (one-bedroom Fair Market Rent), the USDA Thrifty Food Plan and state energy prices from the Energy Information Administration, averaged across each state's counties and weighted by population, so large counties count more. Local income taxes are not included. Counties differ widely inside every state, so use the county pages for a specific place.